BRICS and the global battle to preserve biodiversity
While the BRICS group was initially viewed through the lens of economic reform and financial coordination, its agenda has gradually expanded to include a pressing global priority: the preservation of environmental diversity.
The urgency of addressing biodiversity loss is clearer than ever. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), nearly one million species face the threat of extinction due to pollution, deforestation, and climate change.
BRICS countries, which collectively represent over 40 per cent of the world’s population and vast ecological wealth, are stepping forward to shape a more inclusive, South-led environmental movement.
Unified vision for nature
Each BRICS nation brings to the table a unique environmental portfolio. Brazil holds the Amazon rainforest – the largest tropical forest on Earth and a critical carbon sink. Russia boasts immense boreal forests and freshwater reserves. India’s diverse ecosystems range from Himalayan glaciers to tropical coasts.
China leads the world in renewable energy production, while South Africa’s rich biodiversity underpins its ecotourism industry.
The recent inclusion of new members such as Egypt further diversifies this environmental mosaic, bringing desert ecosystems and vital marine habitats into the fold. This natural richness places BRICS at the centre of global environmental policy-making.
During the 2023 Johannesburg Summit, the group announced its strategic framework for environmental cooperation, emphasising biodiversity conservation, clean energy transitions, and sustainable resource management.
Ecological diplomacy in action
BRICS environmental diplomacy emphasises equity and sovereignty.
For example, BRICS leaders advocate for fair climate financing and technology transfer, ensuring that developing nations can adopt green technologies without compromising their development goals.
Meanwhile, Russia has championed transboundary conservation corridors to safeguard migratory species across Eurasia.
BRICS and global environmental governance
The group’s strengthening influence could reshape the global environmental governance model.
Analysts suggest that BRICS might soon propose a unified biodiversity charter – similar to the Paris Climate Agreement – to promote binding commitments among member states on deforestation, wildlife trafficking, and sustainable agriculture.
By integrating biodiversity goals into economic planning, the group seeks to redefine what development means in the 21st century: growth that sustains rather than depletes.
The BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) plays a crucial role here.
Originally established to finance infrastructure in emerging economies, it has recently pivoted toward green investment. By 2025, the NDB aims to allocate nearly 40 per cent of its portfolio to renewable energy, smart agriculture, and conservation projects.
Egypt and the UAE’s entry into the BRICS Bank discussions signals an expanding focus on sustainable water management in arid regions – a pressing issue exacerbated by climate change.
Bridging the global policy divide
At the UN Biodiversity Conference (COP16), BRICS nations jointly called for a more inclusive global biodiversity fund that prioritises indigenous communities and local conservation practices.
Moreover, BRICS countries have begun supporting cross-border eco-education programmes that blend scientific research with cultural awareness. For instance, joint initiatives between India and South Africa exchange knowledge on sustainable agriculture and community-led conservation, strengthening the grassroots foundation of biodiversity protection.
As the group continues to expand its membership and influence, its collective environmental responsibility could determine the health of the planet for generations to come.
Toward a green future
In reimagining global environmental cooperation, BRICS offers an alternative model rooted in inclusivity, shared accountability, and sustainable progress.
With every tree planted in the Amazon, every solar panel installed in India, and every marine reserve protected in Egypt, BRICS is proving that economic development and ecological preservation can indeed coexist.
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